Mathematical Foundations of Heliocentrism First at Patna India - Aryabhattas Early Laws and the Historical Struggle Against the Ptolemaic System

ANAND M. SHARAN

Aryabhattas, heliocentric model, European scientists.

While the heliocentric model is commonly attributed to Copernicus and formalized by Kepler and Galileo in Renaissance Europe, evidence suggests that Aryabhatta I, an Indian astronomer of the 5th century, had already formulated planetary laws that mathematically require a heliocentric arrangement. This paper discusses Aryabhattas three laws in the context of planetary motion, demonstrates their logical requirement for heliocentrism, and contrasts this with the struggles European scientists faced when proposing similar ideas in defiance of Ptolemaic orthodoxy upheld by the Church.