Foundations of Heliocentrism: Aryabhatta, Copernicus, Kepler and Newton Mathematical

Anand M Sharan

Foundations of Heliocentrism, Aryabhatta, Copernicus, Kepler, Newton Mathematical

This paper examines the evolution of heliocentric thought with a focus on Aryabhatta's pioneering contributions from India alongside the revolutionary works of Copernicus, Kepler, and Newton. Building on earlier analyses, we integrate discussions from Horace Shipp’s 1944 book *Ideas That Moved the World*, which contextualizes Copernicus and Kepler within the broader intellectual transformations of human history. The paper argues that Aryabhatta’s insights on planetary motion prefigured many later developments and highlight the global, rather than Eurocentric, nature of scientific progress.